The Flu Vaccine Is Little Effect On Men.
The flu vaccine is less impressive for men than women, and researchers at Stanford University suppose they've figured out why. The manly hormone testosterone causes genes in the immune arrangement to produce fewer antibodies, or defense mechanisms, in response to the vaccine, they found. "Men, typically, do worse than women in vaccinated response to infection and vaccination," said Stanford research affiliate David Furman, the lead study investigator.
For instance, men are more susceptible to bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infection than women. And men's safe systems don't come back as robustly as women's to vaccinations against flu, yellow fever, measles, hepatitis and many other diseases. For the study, published online Dec 23, 2013 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the researchers analyzed the blood of nearly 90 adults after they received a seasonal flu shot.
Men with the highest testosterone levels had the worst effect to the flu vaccine across the board. Testosterone is tied to immortal man's sensual characteristics, such as muscle strength, beard growth and risk-taking. "We found a set of genes in men that when activated caused a jinxed response to the vaccine, but were not involved in female response. Some of these genes are regulated by testosterone".
It's testosterone's accomplish on these genes that causes the poor vaccine response. "This has a lot of implications for vaccine development". Vaccine comeback might be better if men were given twice the dose, he suggested, or peradventure if testosterone levels were reduced. The whole picture isn't in effect clear or simple. Men's weaker response to the flu vaccine is only seen for some strains of flu.
Showing posts with label response. Show all posts
Showing posts with label response. Show all posts
Tuesday, 21 January 2020
Saturday, 17 June 2017
Increased Weight Reduces The Brain's Response To Tasty Food
Increased Weight Reduces The Brain's Response To Tasty Food.
Most common man doubtlessly find drinking a milkshake a pleasurable experience, sometimes extremely so. But apparently that's less apt to be the case among those who are overweight or obese.
Overeating, it seems, dims the neurological answer to the consumption of yummy foods such as milkshakes, a new study suggests. That effect is generated in the caudate nucleus of the brain, a region involved with reward.
Researchers using going magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) found that that overweight and obese people showed less activity in this brain precinct when drinking a milkshake than did normal-weight people.
"The higher your BMI [body mass index], the moderate your caudate response when you eat a milkshake," said study lead author Dana Small, an ally professor of psychiatry at Yale and an associate fellow at the university's John B. Pierce Laboratory.
The execute was especially strong in adults who had a particular variant of the taqIA A1 gene, which has been linked to a heightened jeopardize of obesity. In them the decreased brain response to the milkshake was very pronounced. About a third of Americans have the variant.
The findings were to have been presented earlier this week at an American College of Neuropsychopharmacology encounter in Miami.
Just what this says about why multitude overeat or why dieters say it's so hard to by highly rewarding foods is not entirely clear. But the researchers have some theories.
When asked how pleasant they found the milkshake, overweight and obese participants in the study responded in ways that did not differ much from those of normal-weight participants, suggesting that the key is not that obese people don't enjoy milkshakes any more or less.
And when they did brain scans in children at gamble for obesity because both parents were obese, the researchers found the opposite of what they found in overweight adults.
Children at jeopardy of obesity actually had an increased caudate response to milkshake consumption, compared with kids not considered at hazard for obesity because they had lean parents.
What that suggests, the researchers said, is that the caudate response decreases as a outcome of overeating through the lifespan.
"The decrease in caudate response doesn't precede weight gain, it follows it. That suggests the decreased caudate reaction is a consequence, rather than a cause, of overeating."
Studies in rats have had comparable results, said Paul Kenny, an associate professor in the behavioral and molecular neuroscience lab at the Scripps Research Institute in Jupiter, Fla.
Most common man doubtlessly find drinking a milkshake a pleasurable experience, sometimes extremely so. But apparently that's less apt to be the case among those who are overweight or obese.
Overeating, it seems, dims the neurological answer to the consumption of yummy foods such as milkshakes, a new study suggests. That effect is generated in the caudate nucleus of the brain, a region involved with reward.
Researchers using going magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) found that that overweight and obese people showed less activity in this brain precinct when drinking a milkshake than did normal-weight people.
"The higher your BMI [body mass index], the moderate your caudate response when you eat a milkshake," said study lead author Dana Small, an ally professor of psychiatry at Yale and an associate fellow at the university's John B. Pierce Laboratory.
The execute was especially strong in adults who had a particular variant of the taqIA A1 gene, which has been linked to a heightened jeopardize of obesity. In them the decreased brain response to the milkshake was very pronounced. About a third of Americans have the variant.
The findings were to have been presented earlier this week at an American College of Neuropsychopharmacology encounter in Miami.
Just what this says about why multitude overeat or why dieters say it's so hard to by highly rewarding foods is not entirely clear. But the researchers have some theories.
When asked how pleasant they found the milkshake, overweight and obese participants in the study responded in ways that did not differ much from those of normal-weight participants, suggesting that the key is not that obese people don't enjoy milkshakes any more or less.
And when they did brain scans in children at gamble for obesity because both parents were obese, the researchers found the opposite of what they found in overweight adults.
Children at jeopardy of obesity actually had an increased caudate response to milkshake consumption, compared with kids not considered at hazard for obesity because they had lean parents.
What that suggests, the researchers said, is that the caudate response decreases as a outcome of overeating through the lifespan.
"The decrease in caudate response doesn't precede weight gain, it follows it. That suggests the decreased caudate reaction is a consequence, rather than a cause, of overeating."
Studies in rats have had comparable results, said Paul Kenny, an associate professor in the behavioral and molecular neuroscience lab at the Scripps Research Institute in Jupiter, Fla.
Saturday, 21 September 2013
Some Hope For A Vaccine Against The Advanced Stages Of Cancer
Some Hope For A Vaccine Against The Advanced Stages Of Cancer.
Scientists have genetically tweaked an virus to the latest a salutary vaccine that appears to dissolve a disparity of advanced cancers. The vaccine has provoked the required tumor-fighting insusceptible response in early human trials, but only in a minority of patients tested. and one whiz urged caution. "They were able to develop an immune response with the vaccine bowtrolcoloncleanse.drug-purchase.info. That's a actual thing but we need a little more information," said Dr Adam Cohen, aide professor in medical oncology at Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia.
He was not knotty in the study. "This is the senior study in cancer patients with this type of vaccine, with a less small number of patients treated so far," Cohen noted. "So while the untouched response data are promising, further swot in a larger number of patients will be required to assess the clinical improve of the vaccine".
One vaccine to treat prostate cancer, Provenge, was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, Cohen famed that many other cancer vaccines have shown primitive compact and not panned out.
The theory behind therapeutic cancer vaccines is that race with cancer tend to have defects in their immune system that compromise their wit to respond to malignancy, explained study lead writer Dr Michael Morse, associate professor of cure-all at Duke University Medical Center. "A vaccine has to achievement by activating immune cells that are capable of killing tumors and those protected cells have to survive long enough to get to the tumor and destroy it," he explained.
Scientists have genetically tweaked an virus to the latest a salutary vaccine that appears to dissolve a disparity of advanced cancers. The vaccine has provoked the required tumor-fighting insusceptible response in early human trials, but only in a minority of patients tested. and one whiz urged caution. "They were able to develop an immune response with the vaccine bowtrolcoloncleanse.drug-purchase.info. That's a actual thing but we need a little more information," said Dr Adam Cohen, aide professor in medical oncology at Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia.
He was not knotty in the study. "This is the senior study in cancer patients with this type of vaccine, with a less small number of patients treated so far," Cohen noted. "So while the untouched response data are promising, further swot in a larger number of patients will be required to assess the clinical improve of the vaccine".
One vaccine to treat prostate cancer, Provenge, was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, Cohen famed that many other cancer vaccines have shown primitive compact and not panned out.
The theory behind therapeutic cancer vaccines is that race with cancer tend to have defects in their immune system that compromise their wit to respond to malignancy, explained study lead writer Dr Michael Morse, associate professor of cure-all at Duke University Medical Center. "A vaccine has to achievement by activating immune cells that are capable of killing tumors and those protected cells have to survive long enough to get to the tumor and destroy it," he explained.
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